Thermodynamics explores the fundamental principles governing heat, work, and energy transformations. A essential concept within this field is reversible temperature, which defines a thermodynamic process that can be traced back without any overall change in the system or its surroundings. This idealized scenario plays a vital role in understanding

Recent years have witnessed remarkable advances in ceramic material processing techniques, leading to enhanced properties and expanded applications. These innovations encompass a wide range of methodologies, including advanced powder synthesis routes, precise sintering strategies, and leading-edge additive manufacturing techniques. The development